Calandria Real (Mimus triurus)
DESCRIPCIÓN: Mide 20 cm. Es la más pequeña de las calandrias; tiene corona gris, ceja blanca, espalda gris, alas oscuras con una visible línea blanca, más notable en vuelo; cola negra con las plumas laterales blancas; garganta y pecho blancuzcos; vientre acanelado; rabadilla canela; pico más corto y fino que las otras dos especies de calandrias.
COMPORTAMIENTO. Anda en el suelo en busca de alimento, pero a la menor alarma sale volando rápidamente para zambullirse en lo profundo del bosque. Su vuelo es bajo y corto, permite ver el gran contraste entre los colores de las alas. Las que habitan la zona sur del país realizan una migración a la zona del centro durante el invierno.
HÁBITAT. Pueden ser muy variados, pero sus lugares preferidos son los bosques nativos, zonas arbustivas y estepas, aunque también frecuenta zonas rurales y poblados.
ALIMENTACIÓN. Es muy amplia, pero se basa principalmente en insectos y sus larvas. Los atrapa en el suelo luego de largas carreritas, o saltando para capturarlos en el aire.
NIDO. Construye en arbustos, a baja altura, una estructura abierta en forma de taza hecha con palitos, tapizada por dentro con fibras vegetales y otros materiales suaves. Pone 4 huevos celestes verdosos con pintas grises y castañas. Los pichones son alimentados por ambos padres.
SITUACIÓN. Común. Sus poblaciones son estables, no presentan riesgos de conservación.
DISTRIBUCIÓN. Todos los países limítrofes, y en Argentina por todo el norte del país, hasta el centro de la Patagonia.
Calandria puede designar:
- a cualquiera de varias aves paseriformes del género Melanocorypha, nativas de Eurasia;
- en particular, a la calandria común o calandria europea, Melanocorypha calandra;
- al ave paseriforme americana también llamada cenzontle, sinsonte o tenca, Mimus saturninus, característico por imitar el canto de otras aves;
- a cualquiera de varias aves paseriformes del género ‘Mimus’, nativas de América Central y Sudamérica.
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